1) Definition the wage portage (“portage salarial”)
Article L. 1251-60 of the French labour code sets forth that the wage portage is a unity of contractual relations organized between a portage company (umbrella company), an independent contractor and a customer company.
In the wage portage, 2 contracts are established:
- a service contract between the umbrella company and the customer company;
- a contract of employment (a temporary contract) between the independent contractor and the umbrella company.
When the service is performed by the independent contractor, the customer company pays fees to the umbrella company; then, the umbrella company pays to the independent contractor a salary (without employer’s and employee’s social contributions and administrative costs).
2) Status of the independent contractor (“porté”)
The independent contractor (“porté”) benefits from the status of employee (“salarié”).
Such independent contractor benefits from unemployment system and is subject to social security rules as an employee (“salarié”).
In this respect, on March 18th, 2008, the Paris Tribunal of first instance ordered to UNEDIC and ASSEDIC (unemployment fund) to restore in, their “unemployment” rights, five employees of ITG who worked under the wage portage system. This decision confirms that the independent contractor is an employee with a subordination link (“lien de subordination”) with his/her umbrella company.( Paris
Two criteria differentiate wage portage and interim:
- the independent contractor searches his/her customers himself/herself;
- the independent contractor does not have any subordination link (“lien de subordination”) with the customer company.
4) Contribution of the law of Modernization of the Labour Market
This law legalizes the wage portage.
It should be noted that the law gives the possibility to the social partners to organize the wage portage according to a branch collective agreement to secure such wage portage and protect the independent contractor.
Frédéric CHHUM/ Diane BUISSON